IP

[Heidi Khan <pk_hi_d_(_at_)_yahoo_(_dot_)_com>]

1) Timestamp is one of the options that can be specified in options of IP header of an IP datagram. If specified, how this field affects the processing of IP datagram on intermediate gateways/routers? 
 
2) Assume a node with IP address 10.2.3.240 and MAC address 00:23:44:12:2a:1b broadcasts an ARP query for a node with IP address 10.2.3.222. If the MAC address of the target node is 01:21:33:a2:11:3b, identify all the fields of an ARP query packet and the response generated by the target node? What will happen to the query if the target node is offline? Is it possible for some other node to respond to this query (if yes, clearly mention your scenario under which this can happen)? 
 
3) Assuming Maximum segment lifetime (MSL) of 80 seconds, a host is required to send 500-byte packet without having identification field to wrap around within one MSL, i.e. 80 seconds. What is the maximum bandwidth required? Do you see any problem if this limit (maximum bandwidth) is exceeded?
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